year 12, Issue 30 (7-2022)
mmi 2022, 12(30): 85-100 |
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Naeemi M R, Habibi Lialestani M, Pourmand H A. The Study on the Evolution of Designing Approaches of the Modern Mosques in the Second Pahlavi Period with an Emphasis on Critical Regionalism (Case studies: Al-Javad Moque, Tehran University Mosque, Ahvaz Jondi-Shapour University Mosque, Hazrat-e-Amir Mosque, Kanon Tohid Mosque). mmi 2022; 12 (30) : 6
URL: http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-1168-en.html
URL: http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-1168-en.html
1- Faculty of Art, Shahed University
2- Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University ,h.milad@modares.ac.ir
3- Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University
2- Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University ,
3- Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University
Abstract: (3580 Views)
During the second Pahlavi period, modernism was supported at the cultural level of society, which extended to the design of mosques and led to the construction of Modern mosques. Afterwards, with the institutional support of the government given the capacities of Iranian traditional and regional architecture by holding conferences, in parallel with the criticisms of the rapid modernization of this era, the regionalist approach emerged, which was the critical approach of the stylistic features of modernism as well as the legacy of the past. The question is, what are the similarities between the modern mosques of these two decades and what are the differences between the regionalist mosques as a reaction to the modern mosques? What factors have led to the change of design approach in modern mosques? This paper deals with the evolution of the design of modern mosques in Iran between ١٩٦٠ and ١٩٧٩ with a descriptive-analytical method. In this study, the theory of critical regionalism is used to analyze and categorize modern mosques and show the changes in the design of regional mosques of the ١٩٧٠s compared to modern mosques of the ١٩٦٠s. The paper aims to categorize legibly and more reasonably the evolution of modern mosque design approaches concerning the historical context and theoretical currents of architecture to provide a basis for reading modern mosque design approaches after the Islamic Revolution. The regional mosques of the ١٩٧٠s unlike modern mosques of the ١٩٦٠s, which can only be perceived by the visual perspective, are the tactile or multi-sensory works. The regional mosques of the ١٩٧٠s are innovative and new in terms of volume, like Al-Javad Mosque, but in their design approach, sensitivity to cultural identity and attention to the local matter can be followed. However, in the process of designing with a critical approach, they have made a synthesis of the tradition of Iranian architecture with modern style and technology, which does not show imitation or historical return like the Tehran University Mosque.
Article number: 6
Keywords: Iranian Contemporary Architecture, Modern Architecture of Second Pahlavi Period, Architecture of Modern Mosques, Modernism, Critical Regionalism
Type of Study: Research original/ Regular Article |
Subject:
معماري و شهرسازي
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