Maremat & Me'mari-e Iran

The urban developments of recent decades have caused a crisis in the urban management in many historical cities; In such a way that arbitrary actions related to historical urban landscapes severely distort the urban memory and make the historical urban identity illegible for future generations. In many historical urban spaces, one can observe unusual and unusual events with the historical space, such as: non-compliance with height privacy in the vicinity of historical places that have caused the view of the historical building and its surrounding context to be distorted, excessive intrusions and occupations in the historical space which leads to the loss of urban memory. Based on this, the main questions of the research are raised as follows: Why are such problems repeated and visible in spite of the concern of great theoreticians for the protection of historical cities? What is the reason for ignoring the principles of urban conservation and creating challenges that sometimes go as far as endangering world heritage? The research seeks to find an answer to such questions in the context of the historical city of Esfahan as an eastern example. The research method is combined, which includes historical, descriptive and causal methods, and the study tools include archival, library and field. The premise of the research is based on the fact that conservation and development together can pass the historical identity to be passed on to future generations. Therefore, despite the difficulty of recovering the damaged identity in urban spaces such as Esfahan, it is possible to prevent further destruction of historical heritage due to inconsistent development with protection in future actions by following guidelines. It seems that the reason for the failure of Esfahan in the conservation-oriented development process is the lack of attention and effort to maintain a coherent and integrated whole and the failure to maintain the connection between the components of the urban landscape of Esfahan and only focusing on specific buildings and registered heritage, which is rooted in the separation of protection "historical monument" from the protection of "historical city". On the other hand, the study in the space of historical cities shows the effects of "neoliberalism" in conservation under the title of "neoliberalism consevation" which, relying on a strong economy, has taken over the historical heritage in the cities as well as other current issues in human life.