Maremat & Me'mari-e Iran
Art University of Isfahan
1- Shahid Beheshti University , abdinirsan138@gmail.com
2- hahid Beheshti University
2- hahid Beheshti University
Abstract: (1 Views)
Curved coverings, particularly vaults, have played a fundamental role in spatial organization and structural stability of buildings in traditional Iranian architecture. Vaulting technology, as a product of the experience, skill, and creativity of traditional architects and local master builders, is one of the main pillars of the durability and longevity of historical monuments. Despite the importance of earthen (adobe) vaults in the vernacular architecture of desert regions, a portion of the construction knowledge and techniques used in their execution remains poorly understood. During field investigations of the Alavi House in Nain, a type of adobe vault was observed in which the presence of two wooden pieces embedded in its middle could not be explained by known vaulting methods. Therefore, the main research question is: what role did the timbers used in this vault play in the construction process, and how did this construction technique enable the formation of the vault? The aim of this study is to identify the construction mechanism of this vault and to explain the role of timber in its construction process. This research introduces and analyzes, for the first time, a newly discovered vernacular technique for constructing adobe vaults using timber. The research method is a case study, based on library research, first-hand field surveys, direct observation of the building, and geometric drawing using AutoCAD software. The results indicate that the timbers used were not employed as ties or struts, but rather as temporary supports to initiate the arch, and they remained within the vault after the construction was completed. Furthermore, the investigations showed that this technique enabled the execution of an adobe vault without the use of formwork or templates, using only minimal timber. This type of vernacular technique demonstrates the diversity of construction solutions in traditional Iranian architecture, and its documentation can provide researchers and restorers with a more precise understanding of the technical knowledge of traditional architects.
Article number: 202
Type of Study: Research original/ Regular Article |
Subject:
Maremat
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