@article{ 
author = {Keshavarz, Mohsen and MehdizadehSeraj, Fatemeh and Jabalameli, Abdollah},  
title = {Evaluation the status of abilities of restoration graduates, from experts’ point of view, based on the components of knowledge, attitude, skill and competency}, 
abstract ={More than four decades have passed since starting the academic education of the field of monuments conservation and restoration, in Iran. This field of study has been instituted in order to provide the trained manpower and experts, required for Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization. Since responding to the needs of labor-market is one of the most important aims of curriculum and instruction, the main purpose of this research is studying the status of abilities of restoration graduates, from experts’ (professors, consultants and contractors, and managers) point of view, based on the components of knowledge, attitude, skill and competency. In order to achieve this aim, after literature reviewing, a theoretical framework of research has been presented. Then, a questionnaire with thirty-five items, considering the knowledge, attitude, skill and competency components and utilizing Delphi method, was designed. For collecting the data; this questionnaire, after assessing the validity and reliability, was answered by three groups of experts, i.e. professors, consultants and contractors, and managers in the field of restoration. Obtained data was analyzed from descriptive and inferential statistics viewpoints. In the inferential statistics, one sample t-test was used to survey mean scores of each component. According to the obtained results, knowledge of graduates of restoration is higher than the average level, their attitude component is on average level, and their skill and competency scores are below average. In conclusion, the reasons of these strengths and weaknesses, and some applicable suggestions, to improve the current situation, has been provided.},  
Keywords = {Education of restoration, Evaluation, (knowledge, attitude, skill, competency) of restoration.},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {1-12}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-410-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-410-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {فرزادی, سارا and خلفی, نوریه},  
title = {The Explanation of Iranian Historical Plazas Function in Past and Present}, 
abstract ={Historical studies of plazas show this fact that nowadays, compared to past, plazas have a more important role in structure of cities. And also they influence more on shape and organization of a city’s environments. Studies show that plazas are considered in two ways, according to the aesthetics and according to their functions. Each plaza in case of its roles in individuals lives has social, religious, sport, political and etc functions. Since every plaza’s function and usage is altered in time, the purpose of this research is to study both historical and contemporary function of plazas. The assumptions are that functions are defined according to needs so they are changed in different times. The method of this research is as follow: first seven principal functions of plazas are considered the base of studies, and by study of documents the function of each plaza in past is found. Then survey and comparative method is used to determine the level of satisfaction of plazas functions. In this survey 1000 persons are asked, 100 persons in each plaza. Each plaza is checked regarding 7 principal functions. By use of t-test, anova and spareman tests 28 hypotheses are examined. First the relations between age, sex and cause of presence with level of satisfactions in 7 principal functions are considered and then the level of satisfactions is examined. Conclusions show highest correlations between age of persons and the level of financial satisfaction of plazas; And between sex of persons with cultural satisfaction. Other conclusions show that highest financial and sport satisfaction levels are in Tajrish plaza in Tehran. Also most cultural and social satisfactions are found to be in Naghshejahan plaza in Isfahan, highest satisfaction related to religious and traffic functions are in Imam-Khomeini plaza in Hamedan, for tourist-related functions the best is found in Khan plaza in Yazd and highest political satisfactions in Amirchakhmagh plaza also in Yazd.},  
Keywords = {Urban Open Spaces, public Life, Plaza, function of Plaza},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {13-26}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-459-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-459-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {},  
title = {Chemical composition and Decay Patterns of Stones used in Pasargadae World Heritage Site}, 
abstract ={The stones used in Pasargadae world heritage site are different in texture and color as well as chemical characters. Despite equal environment condition, they have been damaged in different forms. The aim of this study is Identification of stones compositions and decays through XRD and XRF analysis. Also, some surface investigations have been done by Digital Macroscopic and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in order to show surface deterioration. The analyses declare that all stone types are three different kind of limestone. Two types of the limestone that are in beige and dark gray color have a compact texture, but the third one that is in green gray color has fairly porous structure. The main phase was reported in X-ray diffraction analysis is Calcite (CaCO3), in addition, minor amount of quartz phase (SiO2) have also been reported. In some beige stone analysis, dolomite phase was observed and the quality of dolomite (Ca,Mg(CO3)2) and calcite were approximately equal in ratio. Despite the possibility of salt presence as a decay factor, the X-ray diffraction analysis did not report any salt. There are two possibilities; first, salt is not a factor in decay phonemes of Pasargadae stones, second, the amount of salt is low enough not to identifying through this analysis. According to microscopic and microstructure images, the main decay reason of dark and green gray types is their intrinsic problems. The main decay factor on beige stone is lichens mechanism. However, if the formation of Patina is caused by lichen, the lichen was useful in some case, because the patina as a coating covered the surface of stone and increased surface defense. Hence, the results of experiments and observations determine that the main environmental decay factors in Pasargadae World Heritage Site are microorganism and water duo to calcite dissolution and clay swelling.},  
Keywords = {Pasargadae World Heritage Site, Limestone, XRD, SEM-EDS, Stone Deterioration, Dissolution, Biodeterioration, },
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {27-44}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-380-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-380-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {},  
title = {Analysis of local architects\' capability in process of building trasitional Ice houses}, 
abstract ={Built technology in traditional buildings depends on different factors including local characteristics such as climatic conditions, and architect's capabilities and expertise. To recognize built technologies in the past in traditional buildings will manifest some part of feautures related to local architecture. Through elapsing time, replacement of technology and advancement in costruction  methods, the traditional construction methods of buildings are forgotten that through documenting these methods, we might take an effective step towards preserving these methods.Built technology of ice houses in diverse cities is directly influenced by architects capabilities. Researchers have more studied on historical aspects, performance way of ice- houses, their constituents and/or some case form of ice houses. This reserch, for the first time, deals with recognising different methods for making ice houses, comparing them and documenting methods. The data collection method in the study is a combination of library and field ones. Having dealt with traditional experts of Iran eastern and southeastern cities respecting ice- houses construction and modeling costruction stages, the methods kinds will be analysed. The article intends to examine local architects capability in process of making traditional ice houses in Iran's western and southwestern cities. Through the conducted analyses, it became obvious that local architects' skill and capability will be manifested in built technology of ice-house different parts, especially in its dome ,the execution way of dome arch, its adobes arrangements and shading wall consistency and they also specify too many different regions in built technolory},  
Keywords = {Traditional ice-houses, ice-house built, built technology, local architecture},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {45-60}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-374-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-374-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Moosavi, Seyedmohsen and Saghafi, Mahmudreza and Mozaffar, Farhang and Izadi, Sam},  
title = {Using Vernacular Architecture in Design of Practices for Architectural Design Basics}, 
abstract ={There is a gap between the past vernacular architecture and the contemporary architecture of Iran. Ignoring the practical characteristics of vernacular architecture has created an unidentified architecture and urban design for the life of new generations in Iran. The main problem of this research is familiarizing the students of architecture with philosophy of vernacular architecture for better understanding of environment. Since there are no local objectives in syllabus of undergraduate program of architecture this article is aimed to interject vernacular approaches in teaching of architectural design basics courses. Particularly enhance the creativity of students in architectural basic courses through understanding vernacular architecture. The results of research presented that contemporary teaching methods especially in architectural basic courses caused to disturb students’ mind and lack of creativity in architectural design. Also the results indicate that familiarizing students of architecture with vernacular materials will provide an environment in which students can create local ideas for local problems.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {61-74}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-303-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-303-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {},  
title = {Identify The Cultural Factors Affecting Efficient Management Of The Holy Shrines}, 
abstract ={The main goal of this research was to identify of cultural factors affecting efficient management of the holy shrines in Esfahan. For that, values, norms, traditions, art and cultural heritage, beliefs and religion factors were studied. In this research, descriptive survey research was used in different dimensions such as values, norms, art, cultural heritage, beliefs and religion. The statistical society was included 150 Owqaf (charity institution) managers and trustees of holy shrines in Esfahan. Man- made questionnaire was used to gather of information Also, to ensure the content validity, survey instrument was designed with teachers and cultural specialists cooperation. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach and reliability coefficient was estimated 0/85. SPSS statistical software was used to analysis of data in descriptive and inferential levels. In descriptive statistic, the average percent and standard deviation and in inferential statistic, independent t- test, Friedman test and variation analysis were used. According to the results, the values and religion average (20/49 and 19/53, respectively) had the highest effect and norms and traditions average (13/18 and 12/49, respectively) had the lowest effect. Also, the beliefs and cultural heritage average(16/89 and 17/93, respectively) had moderate effect. According to demographic factors, the results show that there is no meaningful relationship between culture and age but there was meaningful difference between education and gender.},  
Keywords = {values, norms, art, cultural heritage, beliefs, religion , holy shrines},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {75-90}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-277-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-277-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {mohamadifar, yaghoub and hematiAzandaryani, esmail and mollazade, kazem and khaksar, Ali},  
title = {The water management in the underground troglodytic structure in Arzanfoud, Hamadan}, 
abstract ={The troglodytic architecture complex in Arzanfoud is located 30 km to the southeast of city of Hamadan. And 2 km to the south of village of Arzanfoud. These include the discovery of more than 70 carved space including interrelated rooms and halls in various depths of 3 to 7 m under the ground level. In different space various architectural element were recorded. These include overtures and entrances, platform lamp holders, hooks, niches and water tubes in the walls. Sometimes the small niches on the walls are related to the water system. Beside these other water management feature such as many wells and connecting canals were discovered. That is why the questions raised in this regard include the formation of Architecture troglodytic underground water resources what role has Arzanfoud? According to the evidence and architectural elements related to water Arzanfoud collection of pre-designed sample can be considered? Evidence suggests the existence of a permanent river with a very important factor in the formation of architecture is Arzanfoud troglodytic. This interrelated canal and well system facilitated the water flow through the whole structure. It seem that the water from the nearby river was directed to the structure and was distributed among its various space. The evidence suggest that water accessibility had a major role in the existence and function of this troglodytic architectural complex and that the water management system and the buildings were constructed based on a preplanned design.},  
Keywords = {Hamadan, Arzanfoud, Troglodytic architecture, Canal water, Water management. },
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {91-102}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-321-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-321-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {AtaeiShad, Hamid and Rafieian, Mojtaba and Ranjbar, Ehs},  
title = {The Effects of Reuse of Historic Buildings on Regeneration of Historic Fabrics of Kashan}, 
abstract ={Altering existing buildings for new functions is not a new phenomenon. For example during the Renaissance period, monuments from ancient times were transformed for new uses. During the French Revolution (18th century), religious buildings were transformed for industrial functions or military uses after they had been confiscated and sold. In addition, During the last few decades in Western Europe, the task of re-using and enhancing the existing resources has been perceived as central to the task of regeneration. This new wave produced a sense of connection and synergy between regeneration and conservation efforts. During this period, the role of historic buildings and structures has become increasingly important in many regeneration projects. In recent decade, the strategy of altering the use of old buildings have been developed increasingly in Iran. Especially in Kashan this strategy has placed abundant in recent years. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of implementing this strategy on physical regeneration. In this research selected 5 criteria for analysis. The study was based on a descriptive-analytical and survey methods. After reading library resources, data collects by Using questionnaires, in-depth interviews and observations then the analysis took them. Results illustrate reuse of historic buildings in historical fabric of Kashan effectively improve the physical aspects including: Increasing repair of historic buildings, increasing reconstruction and renewal of historic fabrics, improving the appearance of old area, Reducing environmental pollution, Due to historical and cultural values and Efforts to protect more of them.},  
Keywords = {Kashan, Regeneration, Reuse, Traditional hotel},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {103-116}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-369-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-369-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Karimnejad, MohamadMahdi and AzadiBuyaghchi, Mehrnaz and Zolfaghari, Mehr},  
title = {To Prepare experimental samples in wet washing historical textile (cotton) with an emphasize on evaluating the extent, quantity and uniformity of the contamination}, 
abstract ={Abstract: Researchers concerned to the related historical textiles are protection and cleaning. Because of the influence of this construction and structure, knowledge base, contamination and methods to deal with it is of utmost importance. In this regard, many researchers have studied, identified, classified and introduced the contamination on textile history.  But for reverse engineering design and to achieve performance result and evaluation of detergent or washing mechanism it is necessary for uniform characteristic of contamination. In some engineering science this is known as standard contamination. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate common methods for the transmission of contamination and provide appropriate method on simulated samples with respect to components of extent, quantity and evenness with specific nature (experimental sample, oily). Library and field research studies has reported the collected data through descriptive and experimental methods, content analysis and qualitatively and quantitatively. Three components, extent, quantity and uniformity of contamination level has been measured and evaluated. In the research process, after preparation of fabric and contamination with the benefit of non-automatic flat silk screen method the contamination is transferred to cellulosic fabric. The level of contamination samples is used to calculate the net flow volume, to determine the extent of contamination is by stencil. Reflective spectrophotometer was used to measure the uniform rate of contamination.  The quantitative results based on components quantity, extent and uniformity level of contamination shows that the silk screen method can be suitable for transmission of contamination to cloth surface in order to prepare a sample and preparing it for successive test.},  
Keywords = {Historical textiles, cotton, washing, contamination, Silk Screen },
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {117-126}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-397-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-397-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {lavafi, mahkameh and SepehriMoghadam, Mansour and Habib, Farah},  
title = {Formation of the Square and Royal Complex of Esfahan in Safavid Era "The theory of gradual movement from a local center to a governmental capital"}, 
abstract ={The square and royal complex of Esfahan in Safavid era are one of the glorious examples of Iranian architectural history. So far many researchers have been trying to unveil the mysteries of such great architectural design. Some scholars believe that the construction of this complex has been carried out with a predetermined design; however, a comprehensive and realistic view can be achieved by considering historical documents written during the same time, and analyzing their correlations to the archaeological explorations and Iranian political events of that era. Understanding the exact process of safavid urban design and interventional policies in deal with the old urban context requires the examination of the above domains in a comparative way. In this regards, the qualitative and historical nature of this research has been conducted via analytical, descriptive, and comparative methods.    The investigation conducted in this research shows that the design of the complex was influenced by the political and social context, and it has not been happened at once but developed in three separate stages: "The first stage", prior to the assignment of Isfahan as a capital city, the purpose of the Naghsh-e-Jahan construction was to create a leisure place. "The second stage", after Isfahan was appointed as a capital city, the construction around the square were speeded up because of the social and political reasons. At this time due to the failure of restoration commercial projects around the Old Square, The king ,Shah Abbas I, decided to expand the Naghsh-e-Jahan square with the commercial purpose. the square and the royal complex were connected to Hazar Jarib garden (Shah Abbas garden), located in the southern part of the city, by Chahar-bagh Blvd. At last, several complementary projects were introduced with the purpose of Glorifying of the square. They were resulted in several magnificent urban constructions such as Shah Mosque, the facade of Qaysariya, the completion of Alighapou palace and the emergence of new urban context which benefit from non-interest governmental loans.  The study leads us to this theory that the design and construction of the complex has started from a local center and gradually expanded to a governmental capital during the Safavid dynasty.  },  
Keywords = {Square, Royal Complex,  Esfahan,  The theory of gradual movement of Esfahan},
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {127-138}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-594-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-594-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Ghalehnoee, Mahmoud and Delake, Hasan and SamareMohsenBeigi, Hosei},  
title = {EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF LANDSCAPE IN WALKWAYS, USING NOTE-TAKING TECHNIQUE AND ANALYZING VISUAL ELEMENTS OF LANDSCAPING (CASE STUDY: HAROUNIYEH HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF ISFAHAN)}, 
abstract ={Abstract Old and historical contexts always consider as the major and historical and cultural heritage of cities. Nowadays the role of urban landscape in historical contexts and pedestrian paths is greatly considered by the researchers in urban landscaping, designing and planning. Urban landscape is cultural capitals of the cities and pedestrians are quite interested in it. The rate of effectiveness of a landscape of a route depends on individuals’ perception, which relies on the readiness of the individuals for perceiving, perceptual capacity and environmental conditions of perception. This study emphasizes on the importance of the landscape of historical contexts, walkways and the role that urban landscaping can play in the perception of pedestrians. Since in the researches of urban landscape the emphasis on the role of landscape in historical contexts and walkways is not seen much and Isfahan is one of the historical and tourism centers in Iran, Harouniyeh path, where is located in Harouniyeh historical context, which is one of the important connecting routes of Naghsh-e Jahan Sq. and Imam Ali Sq. (Atiq Sq.) and many tourists visit this area every year, was selected and evaluated as a case study. The aim of this study is evaluating the quality of the landscape of Harouniyeh path in the city of Isfahan. The question answered at the end of this research is, how is the landscape quality of Harouniyeh path? The methodology of the research in this article conducts a descriptive/analytical study. To analyze the landscape, Philip Thiel note-taking technique as well as Simon Bell landscape visual elements analysis are used in this study that are Quantitative and qualitative. The results show that the sequences near the Imam Ali Sq. have high clearly, because there are particular elements and landscapes in this path .},  
Keywords = {urban landscape, walkway, historical context, note-taking and Simon Bell technique, Isfahan Harouniyeh path     },
volume = {7},
Number = {14}, 
pages = {139-145}, 
publisher = {Art University of Isfahan},
url = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.html},  
eprint = {http://mmi.aui.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran},  
issn = {2345-3850}, 
eissn = {2538-2624}, 
year = {2018}  
}