Mr Hamed Hayaty, Mr Amin Kamali, Mis Farnaz Attar, year 0, Issue 0 (10-2025)
Abstract
Respecting the hierarchy in the construction of mosques is one of the principles that creates a different spatial arrangement. Since the physical structure and the components of the internal elements in each historical period have similarities and differences in their structural system, and theories based on the precedence of some works over the physical characteristics of late examples based on the time period The construction of the building has been proposed. In the current research, the Imam Mosque of Isfahan as an earlier example than the Hakim Mosque in Isfahan city and the Nasir al-Mulk Mosque as a later example than the Vakil Mosque of Shiraz will be examined as research examples. The purpose of this research is to examine the physical structure of the entrance space of mosques and to answer the question, what is the relationship between the system of proportionality and the structure of the entrance space of the above mosques? This research was based on field-library data and precise geometric and arithmetical analysis. In the following, the comparative method was used in the system of geometric proportions of the plan to measure the entrance space of the above samples. Measuring the proportions of the length to width of the physical elements of the entrance space of the mosques represented the physical structure of the regular hexagonal base shape and the use of arithmetic-geometric system and similarity in the overall structure of the mosques. Despite the fact that the repetition and similarity of the details of the common features does not necessarily confirm the following and imitating one of the other, but on the other hand, the use of repeated concepts in the general structure of the above examples causes unity in this section. It is from the entire scope of the building and the difference in the physical components of the entrance space in terms of geometric and arithmetical proportions can be a representation of the apparent plurality at the same time as the substantive unity in the physical structure of the religious building.
Hamidreza Farshchi, Ahmad Danaie Nia, Ahmad Ashrafi, year 6, Issue 12 (10-2016)
Abstract
Rasmi-bandi is one of the distinctive and original patterns in traditional architecture which provide the ceiling coverage. This domestic artwork represents the mastery of Iranian architects in geometry. Unlike the other architectural geometric ornaments such as Yazdi-Bandi, Muqarnas, kaseh-sazi, Rasmi-bandi seeks an excellent order in the setting. Although appropriate setting is achieved for Rasmi-bandi during implementation by preparing the impost experimentally, but there are some vague points in dimensional symmetry and the provided solutions are not efficient. This paper dealing specifically with the setting of Rasmi-bandi derived from peripheral circles, firstly investigates the history of interaction between mathematicians and architects and the role of geometry in architecture and then by presenting the definition and the status of Rasmi-bandi and the viewpoint of experts, deals with the formation of assorted types of Rasmi-bandi in peripheral circle and its analysis. Providing the frequency table of each type of Rasmi-bandi, providing dimensional asymmetry of Rasmi-bandi settings, and determining the geometric system and the numerical relation among them are some of the findings of this article.
Maziar Asefi, Ahad Nejadebrahimi, Amir Amjad Mohammadi, year 8, Issue 16 (3-2019)
Abstract
Karbandi is a common structural and covering pattern for arched surfaces in Persian architecture, which is rooted in the precise methods of descriptive geometry. These methods, due to their strict geometry, do not have much flexibility and have been used only in specific fields in Iranian architecture. Therefore, the questions arise: what are the limitations and requirements of common drawing methods of Karbandi design? And by discovering these limitations and requirements, how can Karbandi applications be expanded? This research aimed at answering the mentioned questions. For achieving the first purpose the geometry of Karbandis of Tabriz historic bazaar, as the salient samples in Persian architecture, have initially been analyzed. Then, according to the found limitations and requirements, it has investigated the possibility of Karbandi design on innovative and novel bases. This research has been carried out through a logical argumentation method by means of direct observation, corpus analysis and computer modeling to present solutions to increase the variety of Karbandi fields. The results of the research suggest that the conditions and adequate requirements for the geometric execution of an n-lateral Karbandi on the bases of regular or irregular quadrilaterals can be summarized in the three categories as follows:
1. The two facing angle of the base quadrilateral must be complementary.
2. All the four angles resulting from drawing either of the diameters must be a multiple of the result of dividing 180 (degrees) by the number of sides .
3. The Shamseh of Karbandi must be formed inside the base. The latter condition is met only when the center of the circumscribing circle is located inside the base.
It was also determined that apart from rectangular and regular bases, the geometry of some types of Karbandi can also be accurately implemented in a group of irregular bases. Finally, according to the above conditions, a method was figured out through which it is possible to accurately calculate and draw the Karbandi geometry in accordance with the base geometry with the least error rate possible.
