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The study of the environmental quality field is important due to its impact on the comfort of residents and the energy consumption of buildings. Additionally, due to the increase in apartment living in recent years, the necessity for studies that identify the factors affecting the comfort and health of residents in residential buildings has grown. Most research considers the four elements of thermal comfort, sound, visual quality, and air quality to be the most important factors influencing indoor environmental quality. Various weighted models for these elements have been developed in numerous studies. However, these studies have mostly been conducted in different geographical and cultural contexts and primarily in office and educational settings, making the generalization of their results to other areas and uses unacceptable. The aim of the present study is to develop a weighted model of the impact coefficients of environmental factors affecting the indoor environmental quality in residential apartments in Iran and to examine the differences between this model and other existing models.
In the first stage, a literature review was conducted to study the weighted models of indoor environmental quality factors and to identify the effective criteria. In the second stage, a Delphi panel of experts was held to evaluate the research criteria, and in the third stage, the criteria were weighted using the Fuzzy Best-Worst Method (FBWM).
The results identified the thermal factor as the most important criterion, followed by lighting conditions, air quality, and sound conditions. Comparing the obtained results with other weighted models indicates differences in various geographical and cultural contexts and different uses. Accordingly, sound quality has the lowest weight in residential use, while it has the greatest impact on comfort in office use. Additionally, air quality in office and educational uses is prioritized higher than in residential use, and the positioning of the visual element in the second rank indicates the higher priority of lighting conditions in residential buildings. The results show that emphasizing the optimization of lighting conditions and reducing visual disturbance in residential spaces is the top priority for lighting design. Other results indicate that the quality of the environment's air is primarily determined by the sense of smell. Furthermore, ensuring acoustic comfort primarily depends on the acoustic properties of the building materials.
 

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Heritage Conservation is a specific and complex activity that requires special skills and training, and should be considered as a common ground of goals, values and a moral duty to extend the life of Architectural heritage and make decisions about them.According to the existing attitudes in field of heritage conservation, this research considers different attitudes for conservation practice and intervention in a historical building as a basic need, because the differences in the attitude towards conservation as a cultural approach and the way of dealing among various societies, will also be an important subject. The heritage conservation, that definition is changing and expanding rapidly, requires a re-examination of new approaches and practices. Accordingly, considering the approach of experts of the last century and examining the current situation of conservation specialists' attitudes in Iran is the main purpose of  this study. This research with a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach is one of the applied and fundamental type.
 In order to collect qualitative information and identify variables related to conservation and intervention in historical buildings, international charters, conventions and declaration have been read in a period of 22 years (since 2000 AD). In the structural analysis section, the opinions of academic experts in Conservation field in Iran have been collected and the relationships between factors affecting conservation have been determined and leveled using MICMAC software analysis. The use of a future research tool in the theoretical field of restoration and analysis of the existing situation with a quantitative method (not a qualitative method) is considered the main achievement of this research. Finally, the interpretation and analysis of the results obtained with the help of this new analytical method were identified 6 effective key components of heritage conservation practice in three levels: planning, action and monitoring, as effective factors in protective measures from the point of view of today's Iranian experts. These extracted influential components indicate that the system of theoretical foundations of protection, restoration and revitalization existing and in the flow of society is unstable and needs a fundamental analysis.

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More than four decades have passed since starting the academic education of the field of monuments conservation and restoration, in Iran. This field of study has been instituted in order to provide the trained manpower and experts, required for Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization. Since responding to the needs of labor-market is one of the most important aims of curriculum and instruction, the main purpose of this research is studying the status of abilities of restoration graduates, from experts’ (professors, consultants and contractors, and managers) point of view, based on the components of knowledge, attitude, skill and competency. In order to achieve this aim, after literature reviewing, a theoretical framework of research has been presented. Then, a questionnaire with thirty-five items, considering the knowledge, attitude, skill and competency components and utilizing Delphi method, was designed. For collecting the data; this questionnaire, after assessing the validity and reliability, was answered by three groups of experts, i.e. professors, consultants and contractors, and managers in the field of restoration. Obtained data was analyzed from descriptive and inferential statistics viewpoints. In the inferential statistics, one sample t-test was used to survey mean scores of each component. According to the obtained results, knowledge of graduates of restoration is higher than the average level, their attitude component is on average level, and their skill and competency scores are below average. In conclusion, the reasons of these strengths and weaknesses, and some applicable suggestions, to improve the current situation, has been provided.

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Evaluation of architectural designs involves judging the design. In this way, it measures the amount of variables in the design from the desired aspect and then judges it. Due to the important role of arbitration in courses having architectural projects, if the type of arbitration is not clear, it will affect the appropriate atmosphere on arbitration, will cause unrelated demands related to educational goals and will destroy the development of students’ talents. The purpose of this study is to achieve the criteria and indicators of realistic judgment in the field of knowledge and professional ability of students majoring in architecture in Iran. The purpose of the present study is an attempt to answer the question of what are the factors that indicate the evaluation criteria and judgement of architectural projects in prominent universities in the field of architecture in Iran? And what is the viewpoint of the professors in this regard? The research method was mixed (quantitative-qualitative) and in terms of practical purpose Statistical population were 17  famous academic instructors of Architecture at Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Science and Technology and Shahid Chamran Ahvaz universities. In order to achieve more accurate results, it was preferred to take the opinions of young and novice professors in the field of judging architectural designs, along with the opinions of experts. Accordingly, 25 young professors who were completing their doctoral studies at Shahid Beheshti University, University of Tehran, Tehran Azad University and University of Science and Technology and had a history of teaching in architectural design workshops at the university as a statistical population. were chosen. Which were selected according to the educational fields, due to the importance of scoring and its direct impact on the research results, sampling was done in a systematic and non-random was applied. Based on the studies, a model was developed to evaluate the architectural plans, then the professors were first interviewed, the validity of the evaluation model was assessed, and then a questionnaire of the Likert type, one question was selected for them in a contractual manner to determine the level of specificity for the specified criteria. Then, two questions were interviewed as open questionnaires, and finally, after the interview, the initial model was edited and the final model was obtained. Results and information were analyzed using SPSS software. This study showed that the final criteria for evaluating the design process are divided into two sub-branches of studies and design. The studies are divided into two sub-groups of basic knowledge and attention to technical studies. According to experts, studies and technical knowledge have the greatest impact on the final product. From the young professors point of view, advancement of the design process has the greatest impact on professors’ scoring, followed by the design skills and studies and technical knowledge. Finally, suggestions and solutions were presented to the jury, architecture educators and specialists to improve the quality of the judges’ level of arbitration.